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METROSYST

The Fundamental Systems Behind Every Metro Movement

METROSYST reveals the invisible systems behind every metro vehicle — the power, control, and intelligence that keep a city moving.

Written by engineer Sinan Balcı, this book turns complex rail technology into clear, visual, and practical insight.

From traction to TCMS, GoA4 to RAMS — understand what every metro hides, and every engineer should know.

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About

About

About the Book

METROSYST — The Fundamental Systems Behind Every Metro Movement

What Every Metro Hides — and Every Engineer Should Know.

Every metro vehicle is a living ecosystem.

Electricity flows like blood, air systems breathe, signals communicate, and control units think in microseconds.

We call it a train. But in truth, it’s an orchestra of engineering — where every subsystem plays its part with precision and purpose.

METROSYST takes you inside that orchestra.

It explains how a metro truly works — from traction and braking to TCMS, ATC, and GoA4 automation — with clarity and visual logic.

Each page reveals the hidden systems that make metros safe, efficient, and alive.

You’ll discover:

  • How traction, braking, and auxiliary systems form the heartbeat of motion
  • How TCMS, CCTV, and PIS–PAS networks think together as one mind
  • Why regenerative braking, RAMS, and fire safety redefine reliability
  • What every engineer should understand before touching a metro vehicle

Written by Sinan Balcı, an M.Sc. Electrical & Electronics Engineer and Metro Vehicle Control Engineer,

METROSYST transforms complex railway technology into clear, actionable insight.

If you’ve ever wondered how a city truly moves — this book gives you the blueprint.

Author

About the Author

SİNAN BALCI

I’m Sinan Balcı, an M.Sc. Electrical

& Electronics Engineer and Metro

Vehicle Control Engineer based in

Istanbul, Turkey.

I turn complex engineering into

clear, actionable insights — making

the invisible workings of metros

visible and understandable.

I help people see how metros really

work.

Contents

Table of Contents

CONTENTS Part 1 — Where the Journey Begins: Structure and Connection A Metro Vehicle’s Coat: Gauge 1 The thing that brings the rail and the passenger together: Bogie 3 The point where every metro journey start and end: Door 4 One of the hidden heroes of metro safety and reliability: Fully Automatic Coupler 6 The critical line feeding the veins of a metro vehicle’s heart: Pantograph 8 Power from Above: Catenary 10 Part 2 — Where Motion Becomes Intelligence: Power, Control and Recovery Where Motion Begins? CER (Traction System) 12 When Motors Speak Too Loud, VVVF Teaches Them to Whisper 14 Metro Needs More Than Just Traction: Auxiliary Power Unit (APU) 16 Breath of Metro: Pneumatic Systems 18 The greatness of a system shows how invisible it becomes during a crisis: Brake Control Unit (BCU) 20 Don’t Waste Energy — Recover It!: Regenerative Braking 22 When the Train Leaves the Track: Derailment 24 Part 3 — The Invisible Mind of the Metro: Networks That Think, See and Evolve Metro Vehicle Communication Network: PIS–PAS System 27 Always watching, never interrupting: CCTV 29 Every metro hides an invisible intelligence: TCMS and CCU 31 When the network fails, everything fails: PIS-PAS, CCTV and TCMS 32 The Silent Brain Of The Metro: Automatic Train Control (ATC) 34 No Driver. No Downtime. Pure Precision: GoA4 36 Future of CBTC and Signalling 38 Part 4 — Beyond Failure: Designing for What Must Never Happen Metro Fire Safety – FPA in Action 41 Metro Tunnel Fire Scenario 43 Fire Causes and Precautions 44 Trust in Motion: RAMS 46 Black Box of Metro: Event Recorder (EVR) 47 Test is Trust — Integration is Life 48 Part 5 — Where Machines Feel Human: Air, Light and Silence in Motion The system that breathes life into metro: Air Conditioning System 50 Eye Light of Metro: Lighting 51 Silent Steel: Acoustics and Vibration 52 Part 6 — The Hidden Work of Perfection: Maintenance and Operation in Harmony Trains Don’t Run Better — They’re Maintained Better: Metro Workshop 54 Metro’s Immune System: Maintenance and Diagnostics 55 Driving mode: isn’t just motion — it’s controlled precision 57 How to Start Metro 51

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